Matelea floridana (also called Florida milkvine or Florida spiny pod) is a flowering plant within the Milkweed Subfamily (Family Apocynaceae; Subfamily Asclepiadoideae). It is endemic to Florida and two counties in Georgia, and is listed as Endangered. It is a perennial dicot. Flowers are purplish black, 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) in diameter, borne on short pedicels that occur at mature nodes along the stem, from one to many flowers. Leaf pairs are opposite, cordate from 5–10 (2–4 in) cm in length, lightly pubescent.

This species is very similar in appearance to Matelea carolinensis, but the distribution of the two species do not overlap.